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Trachypithecus

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Trachypithecus

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="Dusky_leaf_monkey" title="Dusky leaf monkey">Dusky leaf monkey</a> (Trachypithecus obscurus)

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a>

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<td>Kingdom:

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<td><a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a>

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<td>Phylum:

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<td><a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a>

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<td>Class:

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<td><a href="Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a>

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<td>Order:

</td>

<td><a href="Primate" title="Primate">Primates</a>

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<td>Suborder:

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<td><a href="Haplorhini" title="Haplorhini">Haplorhini</a>

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<td>Infraorder:

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<td><a href="Simian" title="Simian">Simiiformes</a>

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<td>Family:

</td>

<td><a href="Old_World_monkey" title="Old World monkey">Cercopithecidae</a>

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<td>Subfamily:

</td>

<td><a href="Colobinae" title="Colobinae">Colobinae</a>

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<td>Tribe:

</td>

<td><a href="Presbytini" title="Presbytini">Presbytini</a>

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<td>Genus:

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<td> <a href="Ludwig_Reichenbach" title="Ludwig Reichenbach">Reichenbach</a>, 1862

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Type_species" title="Type species">Type species</a>

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<td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><a href="Javan_Lutung" class="mw-redirect" title="Javan Lutung">Semnopithecus pyrrhus</a><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="Thomas_Horsfield" title="Thomas Horsfield">Horsfield</a>, 1823 (= Cercopithecus auratus <a href="%C3%89tienne_Geoffroy_Saint-Hilaire" title="Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire">É. Geoffroy</a>, 1812)</div>

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<th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="Species" title="Species">Species</a>

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16, see text

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Trachypithecus (derived from Greek τραχύς, trachýs meaning "rough" and πίθηκος, píthekos meaning "monkey") is a genus of <a href="Old_World_monkey" title="Old World monkey">Old World monkeys</a> containing species known as lutungs, langurs, or leaf monkeys. Their range is much of <a href="Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a> (northeast <a href="India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, southern <a href="China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>, <a href="Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="Java" title="Java">Java</a>, and <a href="Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a>).

The name "lutung" comes from the <a href="Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese language</a> meaning "blackness", ultimately from <a href="Proto-Austronesian_language" title="Proto-Austronesian language">Proto-Austronesian</a> *luCuŋ (which originally referred to the <a href="Formosan_rock_macaque" title="Formosan rock macaque">Formosan rock macaque</a>);<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> it is preferred in one paper because the authors wanted the name langurs to only refer to monkeys in the genus <a href="Semnopithecus" title="Semnopithecus">Semnopithecus</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Harding2010-3">[3]</a> although some "lutungs" are now "langurs" again.<a href="#cite_note-handbook-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-asian-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2></div>

Genetic analysis indicates that the ancestors of the modern species of lutung first differentiated from one another a little over 3 million years ago, during the late <a href="Pliocene" title="Pliocene">Pliocene</a>. The various species alive today then diverged during the <a href="Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>, presumably driven by habitat changes during the <a href="Ice_age" title="Ice age">Ice Ages</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Roos2008-7">[7]</a> The oldest fossils clearly identified as belonging to the genus date from the middle <a href="Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> of <a href="Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> and <a href="Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>; later fossils are also known from Thailand, Java, and Sumatra. The closest living relatives of the lutungs are probably either the <a href="Gray_langur" class="mw-redirect" title="Gray langur">gray langurs</a> or the surilis, although the exact relationships remain unclear, possibly due to hybridisation between these genera during the course of their recent evolutionary history.<a href="#cite_note-Harding2010-3">[3]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2></div>

As of 2005, the authors of <a href="Mammal_Species_of_the_World" title="Mammal Species of the World">Mammal Species of the World</a> recognize the following Trachypithecus species:<a href="#cite_note-msw3-8">[8]</a>

<ul><li>Genus <a href="Semnopithecus" title="Semnopithecus">Semnopithecus</a>

<ul><li>formerly T. vetulus group - moved into genus Semnopithecus in most recent classifications<a href="#cite_note-OsterholzWalter2008-9">[9]</a>

<ul><li>Purple-faced langur, <a href="Semnopithecus_vetulus" class="mw-redirect" title="Semnopithecus vetulus">Semnopithecus vetulus</a></li>

<li>Nilgiri langur, <a href="Semnopithecus_johnii" class="mw-redirect" title="Semnopithecus johnii">Semnopithecus johnii</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li>Genus Trachypithecus

<ul><li>T. cristatus group

<ul><li><a href="Javan_lutung" class="mw-redirect" title="Javan lutung">Javan lutung</a>, Trachypithecus auratus</li>

<li>"<a href="Silvery_lutung" title="Silvery lutung">Silvery lutung</a>", silvery langur, etc.: Trachypithecus cristatus, but also used for T. germaini</li>

<li><a href="Indochinese_lutung" class="mw-redirect" title="Indochinese lutung">Indochinese lutung</a> or Germain's langur, Trachypithecus germaini</li>

<li><a href="Tenasserim_lutung" title="Tenasserim lutung">Tenasserim lutung</a>, Trachypithecus barbei</li></ul></li>

<li>T. obscurus group

<ul><li><a href="Dusky_leaf_monkey" title="Dusky leaf monkey">Dusky leaf monkey</a>, Trachypithecus obscurus</li>

<li><a href="Phayre's_leaf_monkey" title="Phayre's leaf monkey">Phayre's leaf monkey</a>, Trachypithecus phayrei</li></ul></li>

<li>T. pileatus group

<ul><li><a href="Capped_langur" title="Capped langur">Capped langur</a>, Trachypithecus pileatus</li>

<li><a href="Shortridge's_langur" title="Shortridge's langur">Shortridge's langur</a>, Trachypithecus shortridgei</li>

<li><a href="Gee's_golden_langur" title="Gee's golden langur">Gee's golden langur</a>, Trachypithecus geei</li></ul></li>

<li>T. francoisi group

<ul><li><a href="Francois'_langur" class="mw-redirect" title="Francois' langur">Francois' langur</a>, Trachypithecus francoisi</li>

<li><a href="Hatinh_langur" title="Hatinh langur">Hatinh langur</a>, Trachypithecus hatinhensis</li>

<li>"<a href="Trachypithecus_poliocephalus" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachypithecus poliocephalus">White-headed langur</a>", Trachypithecus poliocephalus</li>

<li><a href="Laotian_langur" title="Laotian langur">Laotian langur</a>, Trachypithecus laotum</li>

<li><a href="Delacour's_langur" title="Delacour's langur">Delacour's langur</a>, Trachypithecus delacouri</li>

<li><a href="Indochinese_black_langur" title="Indochinese black langur">Indochinese black langur</a>, Trachypithecus ebenus</li></ul></li></ul></li></ul>

Since then, the T. vetulus group (the purple-faced langur and the Nilgiri langur) have been moved the genus <a href="Semnopithecus" title="Semnopithecus">Semnopithecus</a> based on DNA and other evidence.<a href="#cite_note-handbook-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-roos-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a>

In 2008, Roos et al. described the Malay Peninsula form of the silvery lutung as a separate subspecies and subsequently it has been elevated to a separate species within the T. cristatus group as the <a href="Selangor_silvered_langur" title="Selangor silvered langur">Selangor silvered langur</a>, T. selangorensis.<a href="#cite_note-roos-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-roos2-15">[15]</a> Roos et al. also elevated the <a href="West_Javan_Langur" class="mw-redirect" title="West Javan Langur">West Javan Langur</a>, Trachypithecus mauritius, and <a href="Annamese_Langur" class="mw-redirect" title="Annamese Langur">Annamese Langur</a>, Trachypithecus margarita, to species status (formerly subspecies of T. auratus and T. germaini, respectively).<a href="#cite_note-roos-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-roos2-15">[15]</a> In 2020, Roos et al. discovered a new species, <a href="Popa_langur" title="Popa langur">Popa langur</a> (T. popa), which is found only in Myanmar.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> Lastly, the <a href="White-headed_langur" title="White-headed langur">White-headed langur</a> (T. leucocephalus), previously thought to be a subspecies of the <a href="Francois_langur" class="mw-redirect" title="Francois langur">Francois langur</a> (T. Francois) or <a href="Cat_Ba_langur" title="Cat Ba langur">Cat Ba langur</a> (T. poliocephalus), is currently recognized as a distinct species by <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List</a> assessors and the <a href="American_Society_of_Mammalogists" title="American Society of Mammalogists">American Society of Mammalogists</a>, based on a 2007 paper by Groves.<a href="#cite_note-IUCNWhite-headedlangur-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-:0-19">[19]</a>

This leaves the current understanding of the genus Trachypithecus to be:

<caption style="background-color: #BBBBFF">Genus Trachypithecus – <a href="Ludwig_Reichenbach" title="Ludwig Reichenbach">Reichenbach</a>, 1862 – twenty-one species

</caption>

<th scope="col" style="width:15%; min-width:180px;">Common name

</th>

<th scope="col" style="width:25%;">Scientific name and subspecies

</th>

<th scope="col" style="width:15%; min-width:180px;">Range

</th>

<th scope="col" style="width:29%;">Size and ecology

</th>

<th scope="col" style="width:16%; min-width:112px;">IUCN status and estimated population

</th></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Annamese_langur" title="Annamese langur">Annamese langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. margarita (<a href="Daniel_Giraud_Elliot" title="Daniel Giraud Elliot">Elliot</a>, 1909)

</td>

<td>Southeastern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNAnnameselangur-21">[21]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNAnnameselangur-21">[21]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Capped_langur" title="Capped langur">Capped langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. pileatus (<a href="Edward_Blyth" title="Edward Blyth">Blyth</a>, 1843)

<div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Three subspecies</div></div>

<ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. p. brahma

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. p. pileatus

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. p. tenebricus

</li></ul>

</div></div>

</td>

<td>Southern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNCappedlangur-22">[22]</a> Diet: Leaves, seeds, and fruit, as well as flowers, buds, bark, and caterpillars<a href="#cite_note-IUCNCappedlangur-22">[22]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNCappedlangur-22">[22]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Cat_Ba_langur" title="Cat Ba langur">Cat Ba langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. poliocephalus (<a href="Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Pousargues" title="Eugène de Pousargues">Pousargues</a>, 1898)

</td>

<td><a href="C%C3%A1t_B%C3%A0_Island" title="Cát Bà Island">Cát Bà Island</a>, Vietnam (in purple)

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forests and caves<a href="#cite_note-IUCNCatBalangur-23">[23]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

30–35 <a href="#cite_note-IUCNCatBalangur-23">[23]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Delacour's_langur" title="Delacour's langur">Delacour's langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. delacouri (<a href="Wilfred_Hudson_Osgood" title="Wilfred Hudson Osgood">Osgood</a>, 1911)

</td>

<td>Northern Vietnam

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves<a href="#cite_note-IUCNDelacourslangur-24">[24]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

240–250 <a href="#cite_note-IUCNDelacourslangur-24">[24]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Dusky_leaf_monkey" title="Dusky leaf monkey">Dusky leaf monkey</a>

</th>

<td>T. obscurus (Reid, 1837)

<div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Seven subspecies</div></div>

<ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. o. carbo

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. o. flavicauda

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. o. halonifer

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. o. obscurus

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. o. sanctorum

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. o. seimundi

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. o. styx

</li></ul>

</div></div>

</td>

<td>Southeastern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 42–61 cm (17–24 in) long, plus 50–85 cm (20–33 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-ADWDuskyleafmonkey-25">[25]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNDuskyleafmonkey-26">[26]</a> Diet: Leaves, shoots, fruit, and seedlings<a href="#cite_note-ADWDuskyleafmonkey-25">[25]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNDuskyleafmonkey-26">[26]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="East_Javan_langur" title="East Javan langur">East Javan langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. auratus (<a href="%C3%89tienne_Geoffroy_Saint-Hilaire" title="Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire">É. Geoffroy</a>, 1812)

</td>

<td>Java and nearby islands in Indonesia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 44–65 cm (17–26 in) long, plus 61–87 cm (24–34 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-ADWEastJavanlangur-27">[27]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNEastJavanlangur-28">[28]</a> Diet: Leaves and flowers, as well as fruit and insect larvae<a href="#cite_note-ADWEastJavanlangur-27">[27]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNEastJavanlangur-28">[28]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Fran%C3%A7ois'_langur" title="François' langur">François' langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. francoisi (<a href="Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Pousargues" title="Eugène de Pousargues">Pousargues</a>, 1898)

</td>

<td>Southern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves<a href="#cite_note-IUCNFrançoislangur-29">[29]</a> Diet: Leaves, fruit, and seeds, as well as insects<a href="#cite_note-ADWFrançoislangur-30">[30]</a>

</td>

2,000–2,100 <a href="#cite_note-IUCNFrançoislangur-29">[29]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Gee's_golden_langur" title="Gee's golden langur">Gee's golden langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. geei (Khajuria, 1956)

</td>

<td>Southern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 50–75 cm (20–30 in) long, plus 70–100 cm (28–39 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-ADWGeesgoldenlangur-31">[31]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNGeesgoldenlangur-32">[32]</a> Diet: Fruit, leaves, flowers, seeds, and twigs<a href="#cite_note-ADWGeesgoldenlangur-31">[31]</a>

</td>

6,000–6,500 <a href="#cite_note-IUCNGeesgoldenlangur-32">[32]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Germain's_langur" title="Germain's langur">Germain's langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. germaini (<a href="Alphonse_Milne-Edwards" title="Alphonse Milne-Edwards">A. Milne-Edwards</a>, 1876)

</td>

<td>Southeastern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest and rocky areas<a href="#cite_note-IUCNGermainslangur-33">[33]</a> Diet: Leaves, fruit, and flowers<a href="#cite_note-IUCNGermainslangur-33">[33]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNGermainslangur-33">[33]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Hatinh_langur" title="Hatinh langur">Hatinh langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. hatinhensis (Dao, 1970)

</td>

<td>Vietnam

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves<a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur-34">[34]</a> Diet: Leaves, as well as fruit, vines, and flowers<a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur-34">[34]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur-34">[34]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Indochinese_black_langur" title="Indochinese black langur">Indochinese black langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. ebenus (Brandon-Jones, 1995)

</td>

<td>Southeastern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest, rocky areas, and caves<a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur-34">[34]</a> Diet: Leaves, as well as fruit, vines, and flowers<a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur-34">[34]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur-34">[34]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Indochinese_grey_langur" title="Indochinese grey langur">Indochinese grey langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. crepuscula (<a href="Daniel_Giraud_Elliot" title="Daniel Giraud Elliot">Elliot</a>, 1909)

</td>

<td>Southeast Asia (in red)

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest, inland wetlands, and rocky areas<a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochinesegreylangur-35">[35]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

2,400–2,500 <a href="#cite_note-IUCNIndochinesegreylangur-35">[35]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Laotian_langur" title="Laotian langur">Laotian langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. laotum (<a href="Oldfield_Thomas" title="Oldfield Thomas">Thomas</a>, 1911)

</td>

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest and rocky areas<a href="#cite_note-IUCNLaotianlangur-36">[36]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNLaotianlangur-36">[36]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Phayre's_leaf_monkey" title="Phayre's leaf monkey">Phayre's leaf monkey</a>

</th>

<td>T. phayrei (<a href="Edward_Blyth" title="Edward Blyth">Blyth</a>, 1847)

<div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Two subspecies</div></div>

<ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. p. phayrei

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. p. shanicus

</li></ul>

</div></div>

</td>

<td>Southeast Asia (in green)

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNPhayresleafmonkey-37">[37]</a> Diet: Leaves, as well as bamboo shoots<a href="#cite_note-ADWPhayresleafmonkey-38">[38]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNPhayresleafmonkey-37">[37]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Popa_langur" title="Popa langur">Popa langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. popa Roos et al., 2020

</td>

<td>Myanmar

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNPopalangur-39">[39]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

130–180 <a href="#cite_note-IUCNPopalangur-39">[39]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Shortridge's_langur" title="Shortridge's langur">Shortridge's langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. shortridgei (<a href="Robert_Charles_Wroughton" title="Robert Charles Wroughton">Wroughton</a>, 1915)

</td>

<td>Southern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNShortridgeslangur-40">[40]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNShortridgeslangur-40">[40]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Selangor_silvered_langur" title="Selangor silvered langur">Selangor silvered langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. selangorensis Roos, Nadler, Walter, 2008

</td>

<td>Peninsular Malaysia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNSelangorsilveredlangur-41">[41]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNSelangorsilveredlangur-41">[41]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Silvery_lutung" title="Silvery lutung">Silvery lutung</a>

</th>

<td>T. cristatus (<a href="Stamford_Raffles" title="Stamford Raffles">Raffles</a>, 1821)

<div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Two subspecies</div></div>

<ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. c. cristatus

</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> T. c. vigilans

</li></ul>

</div></div>

</td>

<td>Southeastern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 46–56 cm (18–22 in) long, plus 63–84 cm (25–33 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-ADWSilverylutung-42">[42]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNSilverylutung-43">[43]</a> Diet: Leaves, as well as fruit, seeds, shoots, flowers, and buds<a href="#cite_note-ADWSilverylutung-42">[42]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNSilverylutung-43">[43]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="Tenasserim_lutung" title="Tenasserim lutung">Tenasserim lutung</a>

</th>

<td>T. barbei (<a href="Edward_Blyth" title="Edward Blyth">Blyth</a>, 1847)

</td>

<td>Southeastern Asia

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNTenasserimlutung-44">[44]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNTenasserimlutung-44">[44]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="West_Javan_langur" title="West Javan langur">West Javan langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. mauritius (<a href="Edward_Griffith_(zoologist)" title="Edward Griffith (zoologist)">Griffith</a>, 1821)

</td>

<td>Island of Java

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Forest<a href="#cite_note-IUCNWestJavanlangur-45">[45]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

Unknown <a href="#cite_note-IUCNWestJavanlangur-45">[45]</a>

</td></tr>

<tr>

<th scope="row"><a href="White-headed_langur" title="White-headed langur">White-headed langur</a>

</th>

<td>T. leucocephalus Tan, 1957

</td>

<td>Southern China

</td>

<td style="text-align:left;">Size: 40–76 cm (16–30 in) long, plus 57–110 cm (22–43 in) tail<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a> Habitat: Rocky areas<a href="#cite_note-IUCNWhite-headedlangur-17">[17]</a> Diet: Leaves, flowers, and fruit<a href="#cite_note-MamWorld602-20">[20]</a>

</td>

230–250 <a href="#cite_note-IUCNWhite-headedlangur-17">[17]</a>

</td></tr></tbody></table>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_description">Physical description</h2></div>

Lutungs have a rather slim build with a long tail. The fur color varies, depending on the species, from black and grey to orange yellow. Many species have skin designs and a brighter lower surface, the hair on the head is often compared to a hood. Their arms are very short in comparison to the feet and their thumbs are also somewhat shorter. The inner surfaces of the hands and feet are hairless so that their fur does not get caught when reaching into branches. These animals reach a length of 40 to 80 cm and a weight of 5 to 15 kg, with males generally larger than females. A bulge over the eyes and other details, primarily in the head, differentiate it from the <a href="Surili" class="mw-redirect" title="Surili">surilis</a>.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Habitat_and_distribution">Habitat and distribution</h2></div>

Lutungs live in the forests, often preferring rain forests, although occasionally they are also found in secluded mountain forests. Lutungs are found in South-east Asia and parts of South Asia from India in the west to China in the east.<a href="#cite_note-Fleagle2013-46">[46]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaviour">Behaviour</h2></div>

They spend the largest part of the day in the trees, where they crawl along the branches on all fours, although they can also jump well from tree to tree. They are <a href="Diurnal_animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Diurnal animal">diurnal</a>, although more active in the early mornings and the afternoon.

They live in groups of five to 20 animals, mostly in <a href="Harem_(zoology)" title="Harem (zoology)">harems</a>, i.e. a single male with several females. Young males must leave their birth group when fully mature, often forming bachelor groups. If a new male takes over a harem, defeating and scaring off the harem leader, he often kills the children of the group. Lutungs are territorial, with loud shouting to defend their territories from other lutung interlopers, resorting to force if the outsiders are not scared off. They have a common repertoire of sounds with which they warn group members. Also, mutual grooming plays an important role.

Lutungs are <a href="Herbivore" title="Herbivore">herbivores</a>, primarily eating leaves, fruits, and buds. To digest the tough leaves, they developed a multichambered stomach.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reproduction">Reproduction</h3></div>

Rarely twins, a typical single birth comes after a seven-month gestation period. Newborns usually have a golden-yellow fur. The mother shares responsibilities of rearing the young with the other females ("aunties") of the harem. They hand the young around, play with it, carry it, and cuddle it, while the mother searches for food. If the mother dies, another female adopts the young animal. Lutungs are weaned in the latter half of their first year, and reach full maturity at 4 to 5 years. The life expectancy is estimated at 20 years.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur_34-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur_34-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur_34-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur_34-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochineseblacklangur_34-5">f</a> <cite id="CITEREFQuyetCoudratPhiaphalathNadler2021" class="citation journal cs1">Quyet, L. K.; Coudrat, C. N. Z.; Phiaphalath, P.; Nadler, T.; Covert, H. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/40789/196139355">"Trachypithecus hatinhensis"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2021: e.T40789A196139355. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40789A196139355.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T40789A196139355.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNIndochinesegreylangur-35">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochinesegreylangur_35-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNIndochinesegreylangur_35-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFYongchengNadlerQuyet2021" class="citation journal cs1">Yongcheng, L.; Nadler, T.; Quyet, L. K. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/136920/204397334">"Trachypithecus crepusculus"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2021: e.T136920A204397334. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T136920A204397334.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T136920A204397334.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNLaotianlangur-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNLaotianlangur_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNLaotianlangur_36-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFCoudratNadlerPhiaphalathDuckworth2020" class="citation journal cs1">Coudrat, C. N. Z.; Nadler, T.; Phiaphalath, P.; Duckworth, J. W. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22044/17959133">"Trachypithecus laotum"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2020: e.T22044A17959133. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22044A17959133.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T22044A17959133.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNPhayresleafmonkey-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNPhayresleafmonkey_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNPhayresleafmonkey_37-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFChetryAhmed2021" class="citation journal cs1">Chetry, D.; Ahmed, T. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/175862145/175862149">"Trachypithecus phayrei"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2021: e.T175862145A175862149. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T175862145A175862149.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-2.RLTS.T175862145A175862149.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ADWPhayresleafmonkey-38"><a href="#cite_ref-ADWPhayresleafmonkey_38-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFcantwell2011" class="citation web cs1">cantwell, wayne (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Trachypithecus_phayrei/">"Trachypithecus phayrei"</a>. <a href="Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">Animal Diversity Web</a>. <a href="University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230812172749/https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Trachypithecus_phayrei/">Archived</a> from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNPopalangur-39">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNPopalangur_39-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNPopalangur_39-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMatauschekMeyerLwinKo_Lin2022" class="citation journal cs1">Matauschek, C.; Meyer, D.; Lwin, N.; Ko Lin, A.; Lin, A.; Momberg, F.; Roos, C. (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/196344474/196344962">"Trachypithecus popa"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2022: e.T196344474A196344962. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T196344474A196344962.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2022-1.RLTS.T196344474A196344962.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNShortridgeslangur-40">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNShortridgeslangur_40-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNShortridgeslangur_40-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFLongHtun2020" class="citation journal cs1">Long, Y.; Htun, S. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/39869/17961202">"Trachypithecus shortridgei"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2020: e.T39869A17961202. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39869A17961202.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T39869A17961202.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNSelangorsilveredlangur-41">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNSelangorsilveredlangur_41-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNSelangorsilveredlangur_41-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFAngNijmanTraeholt2021" class="citation journal cs1">Ang, A.; Nijman, V.; Traeholt, C. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/205911038/205911065">"Trachypithecus selangorensis"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2021: e.T205911038A205911065. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T205911038A205911065.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-3.RLTS.T205911038A205911065.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-ADWSilverylutung-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ADWSilverylutung_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ADWSilverylutung_42-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFBedore2005" class="citation web cs1">Bedore, Christine (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Trachypithecus_cristatus/">"Trachypithecus cristatus"</a>. <a href="Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">Animal Diversity Web</a>. <a href="University_of_Michigan" title="University of Michigan">University of Michigan</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230812151146/https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Trachypithecus_cristatus/">Archived</a> from the original on August 12, 2023. Retrieved July 24, 2023.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNSilverylutung-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNSilverylutung_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNSilverylutung_43-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMeijaardNijman2020" class="citation journal cs1">Meijaard, E.; Nijman, V. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22035/17959977">"Trachypithecus cristatus"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2020: e.T22035A17959977. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22035A17959977.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T22035A17959977.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNTenasserimlutung-44">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNTenasserimlutung_44-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNTenasserimlutung_44-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFNadler2021" class="citation journal cs1">Nadler, T. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/41554/17960144">"Trachypithecus barbei"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2021: e.T41554A17960144. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41554A17960144.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T41554A17960144.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-IUCNWestJavanlangur-45">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNWestJavanlangur_45-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-IUCNWestJavanlangur_45-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFSetiawanTraeholtNijmanSupriatna2021" class="citation journal cs1">Setiawan, A.; Traeholt, C.; Nijman, V.; Supriatna, J. (2021) [amended version of 2020 assessment]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/39849/196325582">"Trachypithecus mauritius"</a>. <a href="IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a>. 2021: e.T39849A196325582. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39849A196325582.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2021-1.RLTS.T39849A196325582.en</a>.</cite>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Fleagle2013-46"><a href="#cite_ref-Fleagle2013_46-0">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFFleagle2013" class="citation book cs1">Fleagle, John G. (2013). "Asian Colobines". Primate adaptation and evolution (3rd ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press. pp. 139–144. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-12-378632-6</bdi>. <a href="OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/820107187">820107187</a>.</cite>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2></div>

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<ul><li><cite id="CITEREF_MamWorld" class="citation book cs1">Nowak, Ronald M. (1999). Walker's Mammals of the World. Vol. 1. <a href="Johns_Hopkins_University_Press" title="Johns Hopkins University Press">Johns Hopkins University Press</a>. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-8018-5789-8</bdi>.</cite></li></ul>

</div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

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<div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trachypithecus" class="extiw external" title="wikispecies:Trachypithecus">Lutung</a>.</div></div>

</div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pin.primate.wisc.edu/factsheets/links/trachypithecus">Primate Info Net Trachypithecus factsheets</a></li></ul>

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</style><div id="Extant_species_of_family_Cercopithecidae_(Old_World_monkeys)_(subfamily_Colobinae)356" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Extant species of family <a href="Old_World_monkey" title="Old World monkey">Cercopithecidae (Old World monkeys)</a> (subfamily <a href="Colobinae" title="Colobinae">Colobinae</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li>

<li>Phylum: <a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li>

<li>Class: <a href="Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li>

<li>Order: <a href="Primate" title="Primate">Primates</a></li>

<li>Suborder: <a href="Haplorhini" title="Haplorhini">Haplorhini</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">African group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Black-and-white_colobus" title="Black-and-white colobus">Colobus</a> (Black and white colobi)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Black_colobus" title="Black colobus">Black colobus (C. satanas)</a></li>

<li><a href="Angola_colobus" title="Angola colobus">Angola colobus (C. angolensis)</a></li>

<li><a href="King_colobus" title="King colobus">King colobus (C. polykomos)</a></li>

<li><a href="Ursine_colobus" title="Ursine colobus">Ursine colobus (C. vellerosus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mantled_guereza" title="Mantled guereza">Mantled guereza (C. guereza)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Red_colobus" title="Red colobus">Piliocolobus</a> (Red colobi)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Western_red_colobus" title="Western red colobus">Western red colobus (P. badius)</a></li>

<li><a href="Miss_Waldron's_red_colobus" title="Miss Waldron's red colobus">Miss Waldron's red colobus (P. waldronae)</a></li>

<li><a href="Pennant's_colobus" title="Pennant's colobus">Pennant's colobus (P. pennantii)</a></li>

<li><a href="Preuss's_red_colobus" title="Preuss's red colobus">Preuss's red colobus (P. preussi)</a></li>

<li><a href="Thollon's_red_colobus" title="Thollon's red colobus">Thollon's red colobus (P. tholloni)</a></li>

<li><a href="Foa's_red_colobus" title="Foa's red colobus">Foa's red colobus (P. foai)</a></li>

<li><a href="Ugandan_red_colobus" title="Ugandan red colobus">Ugandan red colobus (P. tephrosceles)</a></li>

<li><a href="Udzungwa_red_colobus" title="Udzungwa red colobus">Udzungwa red colobus (P. gordonorum)</a></li>

<li><a href="Zanzibar_red_colobus" title="Zanzibar red colobus">Zanzibar red colobus (P. kirkii)</a></li>

<li><a href="Tana_River_red_colobus" title="Tana River red colobus">Tana River red colobus (P. rufomitratus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Niger_Delta_red_colobus" title="Niger Delta red colobus">Niger Delta red colobus (P. epieni)</a></li>

<li><a href="Bouvier's_red_colobus" title="Bouvier's red colobus">Bouvier's red colobus (P. bouvieri)</a></li>

<li><a href="Semliki_red_colobus" title="Semliki red colobus">Semliki red colobus (P. semlikiensis)</a></li>

<li><a href="Lang's_red_colobus" title="Lang's red colobus">Lang's red colobus (P. langi)</a></li>

<li><a href="Oustalet's_red_colobus" title="Oustalet's red colobus">Oustalet's red colobus (P. oustaleti)</a></li>

<li><a href="Lomami_red_colobus" title="Lomami red colobus">Lomami red colobus (P. parmentieri)</a></li>

<li><a href="Ulindi_River_red_colobus" title="Ulindi River red colobus">Ulindi River red colobus (P. lulindicus)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Olive_colobus" title="Olive colobus">Procolobus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Olive_colobus" title="Olive colobus">Olive colobus (P. verus)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Langur group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Semnopithecus" title="Semnopithecus">Semnopithecus</a> (Gray langurs)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Nepal_gray_langur" title="Nepal gray langur">Nepal gray langur (S. schistaceus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Kashmir_gray_langur" title="Kashmir gray langur">Kashmir gray langur (S. ajax)</a></li>

<li><a href="Tarai_gray_langur" title="Tarai gray langur">Tarai gray langur (S. hector)</a></li>

<li><a href="Northern_plains_gray_langur" title="Northern plains gray langur">Northern plains gray langur (S. entellus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black-footed_gray_langur" title="Black-footed gray langur">Black-footed gray langur (S. hypoleucos)</a></li>

<li><a href="Tufted_gray_langur" title="Tufted gray langur">Tufted gray langur (S. priam)</a></li>

<li><a href="Purple-faced_langur" title="Purple-faced langur">Purple-faced langur (S. vetulus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Nilgiri_langur" title="Nilgiri langur">Nilgiri langur (S. johnii)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>T. cristatus group: <a href="East_Javan_langur" title="East Javan langur">East Javan langur (T. auratus)</a></li>

<li><a href="West_Javan_langur" title="West Javan langur">West Javan langur (T. mauritius)</a></li>

<li><a href="Silvery_lutung" title="Silvery lutung">Silvery lutung (T. cristatus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Germain's_langur" title="Germain's langur">Germain's langur (T. germaini)</a></li>

<li><a href="Annamese_langur" title="Annamese langur">Annamese langur (T. margarita)</a></li>

<li><a href="Tenasserim_lutung" title="Tenasserim lutung">Tenasserim lutung (T. barbei)</a></li>

<li><a href="Selangor_silvered_langur" title="Selangor silvered langur">Selangor silvered langur (T. selangorensis)</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>T. obscurus group: <a href="Dusky_leaf_monkey" title="Dusky leaf monkey">Dusky leaf monkey (T. obscurus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Indochinese_grey_langur" title="Indochinese grey langur">Indochinese grey langur (T. crepusculus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Phayre's_leaf_monkey" title="Phayre's leaf monkey">Phayre's leaf monkey (T. phayrei)</a></li>

<li><a href="Popa_langur" title="Popa langur">Popa langur (T. popa)</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>T. pileatus group: <a href="Capped_langur" title="Capped langur">Capped langur (T. pileatus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Shortridge's_langur" title="Shortridge's langur">Shortridge's langur (T. shortridgei)</a></li>

<li><a href="Gee's_golden_langur" title="Gee's golden langur">Gee's golden langur (T. geei)</a></li></ul>

<ul><li>T. francoisi group: <a href="Fran%C3%A7ois'_langur" title="François' langur">François' langur (T. francoisi)</a></li>

<li><a href="Hatinh_langur" title="Hatinh langur">Hatinh langur (T. hatinhensis)</a></li>

<li><a href="Cat_Ba_langur" title="Cat Ba langur">Cat Ba langur (T. poliocephalus)</a></li>

<li><a href="White-headed_langur" title="White-headed langur">White-headed langur (T. leucocephalus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Laotian_langur" title="Laotian langur">Laotian langur (T. laotum)</a></li>

<li><a href="Delacour's_langur" title="Delacour's langur">Delacour's langur (T. delacouri)</a></li>

<li><a href="Indochinese_black_langur" title="Indochinese black langur">Indochinese black langur (T. ebenus)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Presbytis" title="Presbytis">Presbytis</a> (Surilis)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Black-crested_Sumatran_langur" title="Black-crested Sumatran langur">Black-crested Sumatran langur (P. melalophos)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black-and-white_langur" title="Black-and-white langur">Black-and-white langur (P. bicolor)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black_Sumatran_langur" title="Black Sumatran langur">Black Sumatran langur (P. sumatrana)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mitered_langur" title="Mitered langur">Mitered langur (P. mitrata)</a></li>

<li><a href="Raffles'_banded_langur" title="Raffles' banded langur">Raffles' banded langur (P. femoralis)</a></li>

<li><a href="Robinson's_banded_langur" title="Robinson's banded langur">Robinson's banded langur (P. robinsoni)</a></li>

<li><a href="East_Sumatran_banded_langur" title="East Sumatran banded langur">East Sumatran banded langur (P. percura)</a></li>

<li><a href="Sarawak_surili" title="Sarawak surili">Sarawak surili (P. chrysomelas)</a></li>

<li><a href="White-thighed_surili" title="White-thighed surili">White-thighed surili (P. siamensis)</a></li>

<li><a href="White-fronted_surili" title="White-fronted surili">White-fronted surili (P. frontata)</a></li>

<li><a href="Javan_surili" title="Javan surili">Javan surili (P. comata)</a></li>

<li><a href="Thomas's_langur" title="Thomas's langur">Thomas's langur (P. thomasi)</a></li>

<li><a href="Hose's_langur" title="Hose's langur">Hose's langur (P. hosei)</a></li>

<li><a href="Miller's_langur" title="Miller's langur">Miller's langur (P. canicrus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Sabah_grizzled_langur" title="Sabah grizzled langur">Sabah grizzled langur (P. sabana)</a></li>

<li><a href="Maroon_leaf_monkey" title="Maroon leaf monkey">Maroon leaf monkey (P. rubicunda)</a></li>

<li><a href="Mentawai_langur" title="Mentawai langur">Mentawai langur (P. potenziani)</a></li>

<li><a href="Siberut_langur" title="Siberut langur">Siberut langur (P. siberu)</a></li>

<li><a href="Natuna_Island_surili" title="Natuna Island surili">Natuna Island surili (P. natunae)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Odd-nosed group</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Douc" title="Douc">Pygathrix</a> (Doucs)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Red-shanked_douc" title="Red-shanked douc">Red-shanked douc (P. nemaeus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black-shanked_douc" title="Black-shanked douc">Black-shanked douc (P. nigripes)</a></li>

<li><a href="Gray-shanked_douc" title="Gray-shanked douc">Gray-shanked douc (P. cinerea)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Snub-nosed_monkey" title="Snub-nosed monkey">Rhinopithecus</a> (Snub-nosed monkeys)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Golden_snub-nosed_monkey" title="Golden snub-nosed monkey">Golden snub-nosed monkey (R. roxellana)</a></li>

<li><a href="Black-and-white_snub-nosed_monkey" title="Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey">Black-and-white snub-nosed monkey (R. bieti)</a></li>

<li><a href="Gray_snub-nosed_monkey" title="Gray snub-nosed monkey">Gray snub-nosed monkey (R. brelichi)</a></li>

<li><a href="Tonkin_snub-nosed_monkey" title="Tonkin snub-nosed monkey">Tonkin snub-nosed monkey (R. avunculus)</a></li>

<li><a href="Myanmar_snub-nosed_monkey" title="Myanmar snub-nosed monkey">Myanmar snub-nosed monkey (R. strykeri)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Proboscis_monkey" title="Proboscis monkey">Nasalis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Proboscis_monkey" title="Proboscis monkey">Proboscis monkey (N. larvatus)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:10.5em"><a href="Pig-tailed_langur" title="Pig-tailed langur">Simias</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Pig-tailed_langur" title="Pig-tailed langur">Pig-tailed langur (S. concolor)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Category</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Haplorhini181" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Haplorhini181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Haplorhini" title="Haplorhini">Haplorhini</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>

<ul><li>Kingdom: <a href="Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a></li>

<li>Phylum: <a href="Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a></li>

<li>Class: <a href="Mammal" title="Mammal">Mammalia</a></li>

<li>Order: <a href="Primate" title="Primate">Primates</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Haplorhini181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Haplorhini" title="Haplorhini">Haplorhini</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="†&quot;Omomyidae&quot;257" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>"<a href="Omomyidae" title="Omomyidae">Omomyidae</a>"</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Altanius" title="Altanius">Altanius</a>?</li>

<li><a href="Altiatlasius" title="Altiatlasius">Altiatlasius</a>?</li>

<li><a href="Bownomomys" title="Bownomomys">Bownomomys</a></li>

<li>Kohatius</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Microchoerinae</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Indusomys</li>

<li>Melaneremia</li>

<li>Microchoerus</li>

<li>Nannopithex</li>

<li><a href="Necrolemur" title="Necrolemur">Necrolemur</a></li>

<li>Paraloris</li>

<li>Pseudoloris</li>

<li>Quercyloris</li>

<li>Vectipithex</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"<a href="Anaptomorphinae" title="Anaptomorphinae">Anaptomorphinae</a>"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Absarokius</li>

<li>Anaptomorphus</li>

<li>Anemorhysis</li>

<li>Arapahovius</li>

<li>Aycrossia</li>

<li>Chlororhysis</li>

<li>Gazinius</li>

<li>Pseudotetonius</li>

<li>Sphacorhysis</li>

<li>Strigorhysis</li>

<li>Tatmanius</li>

<li><a href="Teilhardina" title="Teilhardina">Teilhardina</a></li>

<li>Tetonius</li>

<li>Tetonoides</li>

<li>Trogolemur</li>

<li>Walshina</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"Omomyinae"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Ageitodendron</li>

<li>Asiomomys</li>

<li>Brontomomys</li>

<li><a href="Chipetaia" title="Chipetaia">Chipetaia</a></li>

<li>Chumashius</li>

<li>Diablomomys</li>

<li>Dyseolemur</li>

<li>Ekwiiyemakius</li>

<li>Gunnelltarsius</li>

<li>Hemiacodon</li>

<li>Jemezius</li>

<li>Loveina</li>

<li><a href="Macrotarsius" title="Macrotarsius">Macrotarsius</a></li>

<li><a href="Nesomomys" title="Nesomomys">Nesomomys</a></li>

<li>Omomys</li>

<li>Ourayia</li>

<li><a href="Rooneyia" title="Rooneyia">Rooneyia</a></li>

<li><a href="Shoshonius" title="Shoshonius">Shoshonius</a></li>

<li>Steinius</li>

<li>Stockia</li>

<li>Uintanius</li>

<li>Utahia</li>

<li>Washakius</li>

<li>Wyomomys</li>

<li>Yaquius</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tarkadectinae</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Tarka</li>

<li>Tarkadectes</li>

<li>Tarkops</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Tarsiiformes" title="Tarsiiformes">Tarsiiformes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Archicebus" title="Archicebus">Archicebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Afrotarsiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrotarsiidae">Afrotarsiidae</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>"<a href="Omomyidae" title="Omomyidae">Omomyidae</a>"?</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Tarsier" title="Tarsier">Tarsiidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Philippine_tarsier" title="Philippine tarsier">Carlito</a></li>

<li><a href="Horsfield's_tarsier" title="Horsfield's tarsier">Cephalopachus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Hesperotarsius</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Oligotarsius</li>

<li><a href="Tarsius" title="Tarsius">Tarsius</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Xanthorhysis?</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Simian" title="Simian">Simiiformes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Simiiformes181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Simian" title="Simian">Simiiformes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Simiiformes108" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="Simian" title="Simian">Simiiformes</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Altiatlasius" title="Altiatlasius">Altiatlasius</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Amamria" title="Amamria">Amamria</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Aseanpithecus</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Nosmips" title="Nosmips">Nosmips</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Phileosimias" title="Phileosimias">Phileosimias</a>?</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Afrotarsiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Afrotarsiidae">Afrotarsiidae</a>?</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Afrasia_djijidae" title="Afrasia djijidae">Afrasia</a></li>

<li><a href="Afrotarsius" title="Afrotarsius">Afrotarsius</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Eosimiidae" title="Eosimiidae">Eosimiidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Bahinia</li>

<li><a href="Eosimias" title="Eosimias">Eosimias</a></li>

<li><a href="Phenacopithecus" title="Phenacopithecus">Phenacopithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Amphipithecidae" title="Amphipithecidae">Amphipithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Amphipithecus" title="Amphipithecus">Amphipithecus</a></li>

<li>Bugtipithecus?</li>

<li><a href="Ganlea" title="Ganlea">Ganlea</a></li>

<li>Krabia</li>

<li>Myanmarpithecus</li>

<li>Pondaungia</li>

<li>Siamopithecus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Parapithecoidea" title="Parapithecoidea">Parapithecoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Arsinoea" title="Arsinoea">Arsinoea</a></li>

<li><a href="Biretia" title="Biretia">Biretia</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Proteopithecidae" title="Proteopithecidae">Proteopithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Proteopithecus</li>

<li><a href="Serapia_eocaena" class="mw-redirect" title="Serapia eocaena">Serapia</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Parapithecidae" title="Parapithecidae">Parapithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Abuqatrania</li>

<li><a href="Apidium" title="Apidium">Apidium</a></li>

<li><a href="Parapithecus" title="Parapithecus">Parapithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Qatrania" title="Qatrania">Qatrania</a></li>

<li>Ucayalipithecus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="New_World_monkey" title="New World monkey">Platyrrhini</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Parvimico</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Perupithecus</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Szalatavus</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Canaanimico" title="Canaanimico">Canaanimico</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Branisella" title="Branisella">Branisella</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Lagonimico" title="Lagonimico">Lagonimico</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Aotidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Aotidae">Aotidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Night_monkey" title="Night monkey">Aotus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Tremacebus" title="Tremacebus">Tremacebus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Pitheciidae" title="Pitheciidae">Pitheciidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Hispaniola_monkey" title="Hispaniola monkey">Antillothrix</a></li>

<li><a href="Uakari" title="Uakari">Cacajao</a></li>

<li><a href="Callicebus" title="Callicebus">Callicebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Carlocebus</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Cebupithecia" title="Cebupithecia">Cebupithecia</a></li>

<li><a href="Cheracebus" title="Cheracebus">Cheracebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Bearded_saki" title="Bearded saki">Chiropotes</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Homunculus_patagonicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Homunculus patagonicus">Homunculus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Insulacebus" title="Insulacebus">Insulacebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Mazzonicebus</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Miocallicebus" title="Miocallicebus">Miocallicebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Nuciruptor" title="Nuciruptor">Nuciruptor</a></li>

<li><a href="Saki_monkey" title="Saki monkey">Pithecia</a></li>

<li><a href="Plecturocebus" title="Plecturocebus">Plecturocebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Proteropithecia</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Soriacebus</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Jamaican_monkey" title="Jamaican monkey">Xenothrix</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Atelidae" title="Atelidae">Atelidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Howler_monkey" title="Howler monkey">Alouatta</a></li>

<li><a href="Spider_monkey" title="Spider monkey">Ateles</a></li>

<li><a href="Muriqui" title="Muriqui">Brachyteles</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Caipora_bambuiorum" title="Caipora bambuiorum">Caipora</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Cartelles" title="Cartelles">Cartelles</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Chilecebus" title="Chilecebus">Chilecebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Woolly_monkey" title="Woolly monkey">Lagothrix</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Mohanamico" title="Mohanamico">Mohanamico</a></li>

<li><a href="Yellow-tailed_woolly_monkey" title="Yellow-tailed woolly monkey">Oreonax</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Paralouatta" title="Paralouatta">Paralouatta</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Protopithecus" title="Protopithecus">Protopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Solimoea" title="Solimoea">Solimoea</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Stirtonia_(mammal)" title="Stirtonia (mammal)">Stirtonia</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cebidae" title="Cebidae">Cebidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Acrecebus" title="Acrecebus">Acrecebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Gracile_capuchin_monkey" title="Gracile capuchin monkey">Cebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Dolichocebus" title="Dolichocebus">Dolichocebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Killikaike" class="mw-redirect" title="Killikaike">Killikaike</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Panamacebus" title="Panamacebus">Panamacebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Patasola_magdalenae" title="Patasola magdalenae">Patasola</a></li>

<li><a href="Squirrel_monkey" title="Squirrel monkey">Saimiri</a></li>

<li><a href="Robust_capuchin_monkey" title="Robust capuchin monkey">Sapajus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Callitrichidae" title="Callitrichidae">Callitrichidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Goeldi's_marmoset" title="Goeldi's marmoset">Callimico</a></li>

<li><a href="Callithrix" title="Callithrix">Callithrix</a></li>

<li><a href="Pygmy_marmoset" title="Pygmy marmoset">Cebuella</a></li>

<li><a href="Saddle-back_tamarin" title="Saddle-back tamarin">Leontocebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Lion_tamarin" title="Lion tamarin">Leontopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Micodon" title="Micodon">Micodon</a></li>

<li><a href="Tamarin" title="Tamarin">Saguinus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Catarrhini14" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Catarrhini" title="Catarrhini">Catarrhini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Catarrhini181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Catarrhini" title="Catarrhini">Catarrhini</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Catarrhini100" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="Catarrhini" title="Catarrhini">Catarrhini</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Micropithecus" title="Micropithecus">Micropithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Saadanius" title="Saadanius">Saadanius</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Oligopithecidae" title="Oligopithecidae">Oligopithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Catopithecus" title="Catopithecus">Catopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Oligopithecus" title="Oligopithecus">Oligopithecus</a></li>

<li>Talahpithecus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Propliopithecoidea" title="Propliopithecoidea">Propliopithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Aegyptopithecus" title="Aegyptopithecus">Aegyptopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Propliopithecus" title="Propliopithecus">Propliopithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Pliopithecoidea" title="Pliopithecoidea">Pliopithecoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Krishnapithecus</li>

<li>Paidopithex</li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Pliopithecidae" title="Pliopithecidae">Pliopithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Epipliopithecus" title="Epipliopithecus">Epipliopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pliopithecus" title="Pliopithecus">Pliopithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Dionysopithecidae" title="Dionysopithecidae">Dionysopithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li>Dionysopithecus</li>

<li>Platodontopithecus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Crouzeliinae" title="Crouzeliinae">Crouzeliidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anapithecus" title="Anapithecus">Anapithecus</a></li>

<li>Barberapithecus</li>

<li>Crouzelia</li>

<li>Egarapithecus</li>

<li>Fanchangia</li>

<li>Laccopithecus</li>

<li>Plesiopliopithecus</li>

<li><a href="Pliobates" title="Pliobates">Pliobates</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="Old_World_monkey" title="Old World monkey">Cercopithecoidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Alophe" title="Alophe">Alophe</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Victoriapithecidae</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Noropithecus" title="Noropithecus">Noropithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Nsungwepithecus" title="Nsungwepithecus">Nsungwepithecus</a>?</li>

<li>Prohylobates?</li>

<li><a href="Victoriapithecus" title="Victoriapithecus">Victoriapithecus</a></li>

<li>Zaltanpithecus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Colobinae" title="Colobinae">Colobinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Cercopithecoides" title="Cercopithecoides">Cercopithecoides</a></li>

<li><a href="Black-and-white_colobus" title="Black-and-white colobus">Colobus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Dolichopithecus" title="Dolichopithecus">Dolichopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Kuseracolobus</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Libypithecus" title="Libypithecus">Libypithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Mesopithecus" title="Mesopithecus">Mesopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Microcolobus" title="Microcolobus">Microcolobus</a></li>

<li><a href="Proboscis_monkey" title="Proboscis monkey">Nasalis</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Paracolobus" title="Paracolobus">Paracolobus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Parapresbytis" title="Parapresbytis">Parapresbytis</a></li>

<li><a href="Red_colobus" title="Red colobus">Piliocolobus</a></li>

<li><a href="Presbytis" title="Presbytis">Presbytis</a></li>

<li><a href="Olive_colobus" title="Olive colobus">Procolobus</a></li>

<li><a href="Douc" title="Douc">Pygathrix</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Rhinocolobus" title="Rhinocolobus">Rhinocolobus</a></li>

<li><a href="Snub-nosed_monkey" title="Snub-nosed monkey">Rhinopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Sawecolobus" title="Sawecolobus">Sawecolobus</a></li>

<li><a href="Semnopithecus" title="Semnopithecus">Semnopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Pig-tailed_langur" title="Pig-tailed langur">Simias</a></li>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cercopithecinae" title="Cercopithecinae">Cercopithecinae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cercopithecini" title="Cercopithecini">Cercopithecini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Allen's_swamp_monkey" title="Allen's swamp monkey">Allenopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Allochrocebus" title="Allochrocebus">Allochrocebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Guenon" title="Guenon">Cercopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Chlorocebus" title="Chlorocebus">Chlorocebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Erythrocebus" title="Erythrocebus">Erythrocebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Talapoin" title="Talapoin">Miopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Nanopithecus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Papionini" title="Papionini">Papionini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="White-eyelid_mangabey" title="White-eyelid mangabey">Cercocebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Dinopithecus" title="Dinopithecus">Dinopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Gorgopithecus" title="Gorgopithecus">Gorgopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Crested_mangabey" title="Crested mangabey">Lophocebus</a></li>

<li><a href="Macaque" title="Macaque">Macaca</a></li>

<li><a href="Mandrillus" title="Mandrillus">Mandrillus</a></li>

<li><a href="Baboon" title="Baboon">Papio</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Paradolichopithecus" title="Paradolichopithecus">Paradolichopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Parapapio" title="Parapapio">Parapapio</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Pliopapio" title="Pliopapio">Pliopapio</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Procercocebus" title="Procercocebus">Procercocebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Procynocephalus</li>

<li><a href="Kipunji" title="Kipunji">Rungwecebus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr>Soromandrillus</li>

<li><a href="Theropithecus" title="Theropithecus">Theropithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hominoidea18" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Ape" title="Ape">Hominoidea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><ul><li>see below↓</li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Hominoidea181" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Ape" title="Ape">Hominoidea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Hominoidea104" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="Ape" title="Ape">Hominoidea</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Afropithecus" title="Afropithecus">Afropithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Ekembo" title="Ekembo">Ekembo</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Equatorius" title="Equatorius">Equatorius</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Griphopithecus" title="Griphopithecus">Griphopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Kamoyapithecus" title="Kamoyapithecus">Kamoyapithecus</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Kenyapithecus" title="Kenyapithecus">Kenyapithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Morotopithecus" title="Morotopithecus">Morotopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Nacholapithecus" title="Nacholapithecus">Nacholapithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Otavipithecus" title="Otavipithecus">Otavipithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Proconsul_(mammal)" title="Proconsul (mammal)">Proconsul</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Samburupithecus" title="Samburupithecus">Samburupithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Dendropithecidae" title="Dendropithecidae">Dendropithecidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Dendropithecus" title="Dendropithecus">Dendropithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Micropithecus" title="Micropithecus">Micropithecus</a>?</li>

<li><a href="Nyanzapithecus" title="Nyanzapithecus">Nyanzapithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Oreopithecus" title="Oreopithecus">Oreopithecus</a>?</li>

<li><a href="Rangwapithecus" title="Rangwapithecus">Rangwapithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Rukwapithecus" title="Rukwapithecus">Rukwapithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Simiolus" title="Simiolus">Simiolus</a></li>

<li>Turkanapithecus</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gibbon" title="Gibbon">Hylobatidae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Bunopithecus" title="Bunopithecus">Bunopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Hoolock_gibbon" title="Hoolock gibbon">Hoolock</a></li>

<li><a href="Hylobates" title="Hylobates">Hylobates</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Junzi_imperialis" title="Junzi imperialis">Junzi</a></li>

<li><a href="Nomascus" title="Nomascus">Nomascus</a></li>

<li><a href="Siamang" title="Siamang">Symphalangus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Yuanmoupithecus" title="Yuanmoupithecus">Yuanmoupithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="Hominidae" title="Hominidae">Hominidae</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Buronius" title="Buronius">Buronius</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Graecopithecus" title="Graecopithecus">Graecopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Nakalipithecus" title="Nakalipithecus">Nakalipithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Ouranopithecus" title="Ouranopithecus">Ouranopithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Ponginae" title="Ponginae">Ponginae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Ankarapithecus" title="Ankarapithecus">Ankarapithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Gigantopithecus" title="Gigantopithecus">Gigantopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Indopithecus" title="Indopithecus">Indopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Khoratpithecus" title="Khoratpithecus">Khoratpithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Lufengpithecus" title="Lufengpithecus">Lufengpithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Meganthropus" title="Meganthropus">Meganthropus</a></li>

<li><a href="Orangutan" title="Orangutan">Pongo</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Sivapithecus" title="Sivapithecus">Sivapithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="position:absolute;transform: translate(-50%,-50%) rotate(270deg);;"><a href="Homininae" title="Homininae">Homininae</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Dryopithecini" title="Dryopithecini">Dryopithecini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anoiapithecus" title="Anoiapithecus">Anoiapithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Danuvius_guggenmosi" title="Danuvius guggenmosi">Danuvius</a></li>

<li><a href="Dryopithecus" title="Dryopithecus">Dryopithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Hispanopithecus" title="Hispanopithecus">Hispanopithecus</a>?</li>

<li><a href="Pierolapithecus" title="Pierolapithecus">Pierolapithecus</a>?</li>

<li><a href="Rudapithecus" title="Rudapithecus">Rudapithecus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Gorillini" title="Gorillini">Gorillini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Chororapithecus" title="Chororapithecus">Chororapithecus</a>?</li>

<li><a href="Gorilla" title="Gorilla">Gorilla</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Nakalipithecus" title="Nakalipithecus">Nakalipithecus</a>?</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Hominini" title="Hominini">Hominini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Hominina" class="mw-redirect" title="Hominina">Hominina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Ardipithecus" title="Ardipithecus">Ardipithecus</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Australopithecus" title="Australopithecus">Australopithecus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Graecopithecus" title="Graecopithecus">Graecopithecus</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Kenyanthropus" title="Kenyanthropus">Kenyanthropus</a></li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Orrorin" title="Orrorin">Orrorin</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Sahelanthropus" title="Sahelanthropus">Sahelanthropus</a>?</li>

<li><abbr title="Extinct" aria-label="Extinct" style="border: none; text-decoration: none; cursor: inherit; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal;">†</abbr><a href="Paranthropus" title="Paranthropus">Paranthropus</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers2301" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers2301" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Taxon identifiers</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Trachypithecus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071167" class="extiw external" title="wikidata:Q1071167">Q1071167</a></li>

<li><a href="Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Trachypithecus" class="extiw external" title="wikispecies:Trachypithecus">Trachypithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Trachypithecus/">Trachypithecus</a></li>

<li><a href="INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/43489">43489</a></li>

<li><a href="Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1223521">1223521</a></li>

<li><a href="Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=92697">92697</a></li></ul>

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